Roadmap for becoming Back-End Developer
Learn the basics of Internet
1. How does the internet work?
2. What is HTTP & HTTPS?
3. What is Domain Name?
4. What is IP Address?
5. DNS and how it works?
6. What is hosting?
7. What is SMTP?
Basics of front-end languages
1. HTML
2. CSS
3. JavaScript
Learn a back-end language
1. PHP
2. NodeJS
3. Ruby On Rails
4. Python
5. Go
5. C#
Just learn anyone of the above language but make sure you have in-depth understanding of that language.
I will recommend NodeJs or PHP.
Learn Version Control System
1. Basic Git Commands
2. Repo hosting services
I. GitHub
II. Gitlab
III. Bitbucket
Learn about Relational Databases
1. MySQL
2. PostgreSQL
3. MariaDB
4. MS SQL
5. Oracle
MySQL is the most popular one.
Learn about NoSQL databases
1. MongoDB
2. RethinkDB
3. CouchDB
4. DynamoDB
NoSQL are very popular databases. Many startups are opting for NoSQL databases instead of SQL databases.
Learn About APIs
1. REST
2. JSON APIs
3. HATOAS
4. Open API Spec and Swagger
5. Authentication
6. GraphQL
Learn about caching
1. CDN (Cloud Delivery Network)
2. Server-side caching
I. Redis
II. Memcached
3. Client-side caching
Web Servers
1. Nginx
2. Apache
3. Reverse Proxy
Understand web security
1. Hashing Algorithm
I. MD5
II. SHA Family
III. Scrypt
IV. Bcrypt
2. HTTPS
3. CORS
4. SSL/TLS
Learn testing
1. Integration Testing
2. Unit Testing
3. Functional Testing
Containerization / Virtualization
1. Docker
2. Kubernetes
3. rkt
Architectural Patterns
1. Monolithic
2. Microservices
3. Serverless
4. Scaling (Horizontal & Vertical)
5. Load Balancers